Canpaigners assert that the human rights of women are violated across Essay

Canpaigners state that the human privileges of ladies are abused over the world. Talk about corresponding to local viloence in any general public - Essay Example At the point when viciousness is executed on a lady a portion of the fundamental human rights are disregarded: The human right to life, the human option to regard and nobility, the human option to great physical and psychological wellness, the human right to opportunity from savagery and segregation, the human right to correspondence among ladies and men and the human right to opportunity from sexual and physical maltreatment. As Kofi Annan (1999) UN Secretary General has stated, â€Å"Violence against ladies is maybe the most dishonorable human rights infringement. What's more, it is maybe the most unavoidable. It knows no limits of topography, culture, or riches. For whatever length of time that it proceeds, we can't profess to gain genuine ground towards correspondence, improvement, and peace.† As indicated by the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action the human privileges of ladies and of the young lady youngster are a natural, fundamental and inseparable piece of widespread human rights. There are numerous human rights arrangements that ensure ladies equivalent treatment and opportunity from segregation. In late world meetings duties have been made by governments to guarantee the human privileges of ladies. For example womens human rights are key to the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights expresses that everybody is qualified for all the rights and opportunities set out in this Declaration, without differentiation of any sort, for example, race, shading, sex, language, religion, political or other supposition, national or social beginning, property, birth or different status. Whereas The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women expresses that brutality against ladies implies any demonstration of sex base d savagery that outcomes in, or is probably going to bring about, physical, sexual or mental mischief or enduring to ladies, including dangers of such acts, intimidation or discretionary hardship of freedom, in the case of happening out in the open or in private life. and that states have a commitment to

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 88

Contextual investigation Example The task will additionally result in the region’s foundation create just as increment exchanging exercises. As indicated by the hypothesis of utilitarianism, a demonstration ought to be named shameless just if its results are extreme to the point that individuals would wish the specialist of that activity obliged to act in any case (Hinman 142). Regardless of its impacts on nature, the positive outcomes of this venture exceed the negative results primarily because of its financial centrality to the district. Notwithstanding the above large scale issues, a few small scale issues also ought to likewise be thought of. Putting resources into this venture includes both cash and time and getting comes back from these two speculations will be huge to individual satisfaction, as per the hypothesis of eudemonia, which expresses that a definitive objective of human life is bliss and acceptable life. This objective can be accomplished by rehearsing excellencies in one’s day by day life and is characterized as a quality that permits an individual to prevail at a thought (Hinman 145). In this sense, the venture is suggested as long as it guarantees individual joy. The venture ought to in this way be executed as the two speculations support

The Blackest of Fridays

The Blackest of Fridays Black (adj.): characterized by tragic or disastrous events; causing despair. â€"New Oxford American Dictionary This Friday is the busiest shopping day of the year: Black Friday. Retailers prepare months in advance for this dayâ€"preparation thats meant to stimulate your insatiable desire to consume. Doorbuster sales. New products. Gigantic newspaper ads. TV, radio, print, billboards. Sale, sale, sale! Early bird specials. One day only! Get the best deal. Act now! While supplies last. Consumption is an unquenchable thirst. Both of us know and understand this too well. In our corporate jobs of yesteryear, we both managed large numbers of retail stores. The pernicious aspects of Black Friday are not few. The pandemonium of this day is a metaphor of our consumer culture. On this day, people consume gluttonously without regard for the harm theyre inflicting on themselves. On this day, greed becomes ravenous. On this day, people live without real meaning, buying gifts to fill a void that cant possibly be filled with any amount of material possessions. But there are better ways to live a meaningful life. Sadly, people participate in the rapacious nature of Black Friday in the name of a holidayâ€"as if buying gifts was an ideal way to celebrate Christmas. Thankfully, our Christmas shopping is already complete: no gifts. We refuse to buy material items for people to display our love. Rather, we prefer to showcase our love, caring, and affection through our daily actionsâ€"every day, not just holidays. If still you want to give a gift to someone, why not gift an experienceâ€"like a nice meal, tickets to a concert or play, or a sunset on the beach? After all, the best, most loving gift you can give someone is your time and undivided attention. Will you join us? Will you opt out of Black Friday? If not, why not? Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Attention Cognitive Psychology - 1575 Words

Research carried out on attention has mainly been associated with the selective processing of incoming sensory information. It proposes, to some degree, our awareness of the world depends on what we choose to focus on and not simply the stimulation received by our senses. Attention is often linked to a filter that screens out most potential stimuli whilst allowing a select few to pass through into our conscious awareness, however, a great deal of debate has been devoted to where the filter is situated in the information processing chain (Martindale, 1991). Psychologists have made extensive contributions to this subject matter in the past century. Notable examples include Donald Broadbents filter theory of attention (1958), which set the†¦show more content†¦This buffer was a temporary memory store in which the unselected information could be held in parallel for short periods of time (Styles, 2006). Information can remain in the buffer for processing at a later stage, if this is not the case, it corrodes and is then lost (Martindale, 1991). It is only when the â€Å"information passes through the filter into the limited capacity channel, which is a serial processor, that it is identified† (Styles, 2006, p19). The indication is that therefore, selection from the parallel input is made at early levels of processing, and is consequently an â€Å"early selection model† (Styles, 2006). A number of theorist’s have, however, introduced models that completely reject Broadbent’s Filter model. An example is that of Deutsch and Deutsch’s attention model (Martindale, 1991). Deutsch and Deutsch (1963) offer a model in which all stimuli are fully analysed, with the most significant message determining the response (Eyesnck, 2010). This theory proposes a bottleneck, as the filter is placed closer to the response end of the processing system. This model is recognized as a late-selection model (Deutsch Deutsch, 1963). The Deutsch and Deutsch model was later modified by Norman (1968) who alleges that sensory inputs are processed routinely and instinctively before we consciously know about them. Norman suggests that no signal is filtered out but all are processed to the point of activating the storedShow MoreRelatedBehaviorism And Behaviorism Theories Of Psychology Essay1322 Words   |  6 Pagescredited as the founder of American psychology. He believed in observing everyday psychological experiences such as attention, memory, and reasoning. James also believed that the mind way very active in nature. Behaviorism says that you have to look at psychology in a way that is observable and objective. The main focus was on how we react to stimuli. Unlike Ebbinghaus both James’s view and behaviorism stray from introspection as opposed to observation. Gestalt psychology emphasized people’s tendencyRead MoreCognitive Psychology And Human Behavior930 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive psychology has evolved over the years. Researchers are constantly trying to find new ways to understand and define the human brain. Our memory is quite important in how we function on a day-to-day basis. Our memories help us to remember important functions such as combing our hair, brushing our teeth or getting dressed in the morning. Memories also help us to learn more information. Cognitive psychology refers to the study of human mental processes and their role of thinking, feeling, andRead MorePhysical Exercise and Cognitive Functioning in Children1691 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this study is to look at if physical exercise will help the healthy cognitive development in children and adolescence and this paper will illustrate that the same facts are true for children and adolescence, and will stress the importance of exercise for child ren optimal brain development and growth. The current studies show that physical activity has a positive effect on attention, neuroplasticity and intellectual development in children and adolescence. The studies also seem toRead MoreCognitive Failures Of A Person s Cognitive System844 Words   |  4 PagesA person’s cognitive system can overall be very effective, though occasionally mistakes occur resulting in generalized cognitive failures. Cognitive failures, also known as absent-mindedness, are errors or mistakes people make due to attention slips or memory failures (Reason, 1982). These failures refer to all possible errors within the cognitive system and can be traced to problems with attention, memory, errors created by distractions and errors in the execution of intentions. These include lapsesRead MoreCognitive Psychology Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesEvolution of Cognitive Psychology Plynia Welty Psych 560 June 11, 2012 Brian Uldall Evolution of Cognitive Psychology Cognitive psychology embarked on a revolutionary journey since the era of Saint Thomas Aquinas (Dr. King, 2012). St. Aquinas was the pioneering mind behind the idea that behavior can be divided into two areas, cognitive and effect. Logging empirical research on a subject provides practitioners a comprehensive view of the subject matter (Dr. King, 2012). In relationRead MoreEffects of Aging on Cognitive Development898 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Aging on Cognitive Development Daphney Walker PSYCH/640 May 5, 2014 Holly Berry Effects of Aging on Cognitive Development Aging is a natural process of life however, studies show that there are some age-related decline in cognitive development. As a person grows older some brain cell dies, shrink, or weaken and cause some decline in brain functions. Some cognitive processes include attention, working memory, long-term memory, perception, and executive control. The material willRead MoreComparing Two Approaches to Cognitive Psychology1423 Words   |  6 Pages Cognitive psychology is concerned with the internal processes involved in making sense of the environment and deciding what action may be appropriate. These processes include attention, perception, learning and reasoning, (Eysenck and Keane, 2010).There are a number of approaches which can be used within this field, however for the purposes of the essay only two will be compared; cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology. The aims of cognitive neuroscientists are often similar to those of cognitiveRead MoreChanges And Changes Of Change Blindness Essay1471 Words   |  6 Pagesnotice the change. When observer fails to observe and notice the change major changes and differences introduced into an image at a flick off and on again. People having poor ability in detecting the changes are argued to have limitation of human attention (Hecht-Nielsen McKenna, 2003). Change blindness has provided a wide range of research that has important and practical implications especially in eyewitnes s position and distraction while driving among other areas. In early observation of changeRead MoreInfant Learning: Brain Development Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pagesneural pathways are still being formed in response to stimulation and for this reason, it is extremely important for caregivers and parents to be aware of the many factors that can influence brain development in infants (Marshall, 2011). Popular Psychology Common beliefs regarding infant learning tend to focus on the issue of breastfeeding versus bottle-feeding. The vast majority of speculation in the media is directed toward this controversy. For example, a â€Å"study published in the journal PediatricRead MoreEssay about psychology1075 Words   |  5 Pages As described, there are 10 different perspectives of early psychology. These perspectives are: Structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology, Behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, physiological, evolutionary, cognitive, and cultural and diversity. I will only be looking at three of these perspectives still in common use today here is a summary of each. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The behavioral perspective quot;focuses on the observable behaviors; thus it does not speculate about mental

Essay on Charlie Gordon in Flowers for Algernon by Daniel...

Flowers for Algernon essay â€Å"Eagar, Determined, and Motivated:† these three words describe Charlie Gordon in Daniel Keyes’s story â€Å"Flowers for Algernon†. Daniel Keyes writes about a thirty two year old man with a low IQ (Charlie Gordon) who strives to become â€Å"normal†. Charlie will do anything to become smarter even letting two doctors preform brain surgery to enhance his learning capability. Charlie evolves throughout the novel and by the end of his journey although his IQ is low he is a more complete person. He learns the true meaning of friendship and demonstrates intellectual growth as a person by overcoming obstacles and understanding various lessons. Friendship consists of expectations, perceptions and the importance of it.†¦show more content†¦Charlie shares the whole experimental experience with Algernon and Charlie discovers his own future through Algernon. However when Charlie falls intellectually we see the strength of friendship at the end of the novel and Charlie’s last words are â€Å"put some flowers on Algernon’s grave in the bak yard† (Keyes, 311). This shows that Carlie understood the true meaning friendship, that it can take place between anyone and anything as long as it’s unconditional. Intellectual growth is the development of one’s ability to process information and form your own conclusions. We see Charlie’s intellectual growth throughout the book. He eventually surpasses everyone around him and starts viewing them with a more critical eye. On April first Charlie surprises his workmates by demonstrating that he can operate the dough mixer and the on April twenty first he redesigns the whole dough mixing process. Charlie makes tremendous psychological leap with his realization. When Charlie says â€Å"’Gimpy stealing from Mr.Donner †¦ I wanted to hit him† (Keyes, 88) this statement reveals that Charlie is capable of solving moral predicaments, such as Gimpy’s theft all by himself due to that fact all his coworkers want him fired and Charlie is disappointed by their insecurity. When Charlie was on the same intellectual level as everyone around him he says that he once looked up to them intellect people he once though t. Charlie’s greatest leap towardsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Flowers for Algernon by Daniel Keyes1120 Words   |  5 PagesFlowers for Algernon by Daniel Keyes is a classic science fiction set in southeastern New York, New York City. The fictitious prose traces a mans inner psychological journey within from a world of retardation to a world of great intelligence. Narrated through a series of empirical Progress Reports, Flowers for Algernon follows the intellectual and emotional rise and fall of Charlie Gordon, a young man born with an unusually low Intelligence Quotient (IQ), as he becomes the first human pilot-studyRead MoreFlowers for Algernon Essay679 Words   |  3 PagesFlowers for Algernon Short Story Essay Flowers for Algernon (1959) by Daniel Keyes uses different techniques including Changes in Grammar, Spelling, Punctuation and Algernon as a symbol to produce the themes of Mistreatment of the Mentally Disabled, The Tension between Intellect and Emotion, The Persistence of the Past in the Present and Algernon as the symbol. All these techniques are presented from Charlie’s first person narration in his progress reports. Daniel Keyes signals Charlie’s changingRead MoreAnalysis Of Flowers For Algernon1034 Words   |  5 Pagesis on Daniel Keyes’s, â€Å"Flowers for Algernon†, and how it relates back to psychology. Within this paper it will discuss how ‘Flowers of Algernon† relates back to many psychological theorems or ideas. Such ideas may include physical and sexual development, intelligence testing, and personal relations. All these theories and ideas would have been proposed by psychologists like G. Stanley Hall, or Howard Gardner. As your read on in the paper you will learn how the main character, Charlie Gordon, canRead MoreIs Flowers for Algernon Science Fiction?700 Words   |  3 PagesIs Flowers for Algernon Science Fiction? Science fiction is â€Å"fiction dealing principally with the impact of actual or imagined science on society or individuals or having a scientific factor as an essential orienting component† (Merriam-Webster). Flowers for Algernon was written by Daniel Keyes. Flowers for Algernon is about a man named Charlie who underwent an experimental operation to attempt to increase his intelligence. Unfortunately, Charlie has to undergo many challenges: the loss ofRead MoreEssay on Flowers For Algernon by Daniel Keyes1347 Words   |  6 Pagestreat those who are different in a negative or positive way? In the novel Flowers for Algernon, the author Daniel Keyes shows an in depth look at the treatment of individuals in todays society. Firstly society tends to discriminate against those whose IQ does not fit into the norms of our society. The physically handicapped in todays world are not considered to be equal as those who fit into the normal physical appearance, Keyes portrays this t hrough Charlies thoughts while in the cafà ©. AlthoughRead MoreFlowers for Algernon (Persuasive) Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pagestreat those who are different in a negative or positive way? In the novel Flowers for Algernon, the author Daniel Keyes shows an in depth look at the treatment of individuals in todays society. Firstly society tends to discriminate against those whose IQ does not fit into the norms of our society. The physically handicapped in todays world are not considered to be equal as those who fit into the normal physical appearance, Keyes portrays this through Charlies thoughts while in the cafà ©. AlthoughRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Flowers For Algernon785 Words   |  4 PagesFlowers for Algernon In the short story, â€Å"Flowers for Algernon†, Daniel Keyes writes about an intellectually disabled man named Charlie Gordon. Charlie’s goal is to become intelligent. Charlie volunteered to be in a medical trial that would help him triple in intelligence. The operation did work, and Charlie’s intelligence tripled very quickly. However, very soon after, his intelligence began to quickly decline. Charlie ended up with the same amount of intelligence that he started with. CharlieRead More Flowers For Algernon Essay864 Words   |  4 Pages The story quot;Flowers for Algernonquot;, by Daniel Keyes, that we read in English was about a mentally retarded person, named Charlie who had an operation to increase his intelligence, but the operation was a failure and Charlie is slow again. He wants to move now so society won’t ridicule him for being slow again. Daniel Keyes wrote this short story for good reasons. Daniel Keyes wrote quot;Flowers for Angernonquot; to show people from an outside look on how we treat mentally challenged peopleRead MoreThe Role Of Stupidity In Flowers For Algernon By Daniel Keyes1048 Words   |  5 Pagesof a person’s care and attitude towards his or her cared ones. Charlie begins to understand that when he becomes smarter, his attitude, relationship and social skills change. Flowers For Algernon by Daniel Keyes, is about a 32 year old mentally challenged man named Charlie Gordon. He attends the Beekmin College For Retarted Adults where he learns new things because he has a motivation and willingness to learn new things. Charlie Gordon undergoes several problems throughout the novel from a mentallyRead MoreThe Outsiders By Harry Potter839 Words   |  4 Pagesponyboy is the second youngest. Harry potter is a book about a boy who lived through a terrible killing genocide by a feared wizard named Voldemort or Tom Riddle. Flowers for algernon, Or FFA is a book about a guy with a mind disablity, his IQ was very low for a grown man. All of these characters, Ponyboy, Harry Potter and Charlie Gordon all struggled to have the world accept them and it was very hard for them to fit in. In Harry Potter acceptance was a big part of Harry s life, he always had to

Software Performance Engineering Techniques Free Essays

Abstract— bettering public presentation of package, sites and services is a holy grail of package industry. A new attack for execution of Poka-Yoke method in package public presentation technology is proposed. Poka-Yoke is a error proofing technique used in merchandise design. We will write a custom essay sample on Software Performance Engineering Techniques or any similar topic only for you Order Now The effectivity of Poka-Yoke in package development was evaluated utilizing two instance surveies: merchandise redesign mini-project given to six groups of pupils and a study of online services in the package industry. Both quantitative and qualitative rating was done. Our proposed five-step error proofing technique for package development utilizing Poka-Yoka rating demonstrated the effectivity. The consequences showed that an implementing Poka-Yoke technique improves the package development procedure. Arrested development analysis showed that Poka-Yoke has a greater impact on package quality that uses the current province of the art package development theoretical accounts. Improved UGAM tonss besides showed one-dimensionality and justified Poka-Yoke execution. Our findings recommend use of techniques for error proofing for overall package public presentation. The purpose is to cut down mistakes in package development procedure. We are besides suggesting HQLS: a new attack for high quality in the big graduated table package development in this paper. Keywords- Poka-Yoke Principles, Performance, UGAM, Security, Quality, Mistake-proofing, Detection. I. Introduction In position of Mukesh Jain, across the Earth, end-user public presentation of the bulk of our online services, web sites and package applications is a affair of concern. Global and local rivals in the parts have led to fierce competition for relatively better public presentation than rival services. Slow services impacts on user experience, operational cost, mind-share, market portion and gross. Turning the tide on public presentation can hold existent impacts on any company’s underside line. One of the cardinal messages sent from the markets is that we need to make a better occupation of bettering public presentation of our sites and services globally. The public presentation of most of the sites and services in many instances lag. For illustration, in the US, on broadband connexion, MSN/Live Search takes 3 seconds to expose the consequences compared to Google’s 1.5 seconds and the Yahoo’s 2.5 seconds. For Search, we have seen that the longer it takes to lade the consequences page, the more people abandon the page ( i.e. Peoples typically begin go forthing a page after waiting 4 seconds, and more than 50 % of users abandon the page after waiting for 6 seconds ) . Site public presentation in states like India makes many merchandises about impossible to utilize. Recent proving showed that it takes around 40 seconds for person in India to login into Hotmail and see their letter boxs, while it takes merely 5 seconds when utilizing rival electronic mail merchandises like yahoo.co.in, rediffmail and Indiatimes. This may take to important loss in electronic mail market portion in India. The heat chart in the Table 2 reflects the comparative public presentation of the online services market. The tabular array shows the PLT [ Page-Load-Time ] in seconds for the user in each of the major states. We show the 75th percentile, intending that 75 % of minutess in the state are better than this figure, and 25 % are worse. The Numberss on the left are MSN. On the right is the â€Å" top † rival for that service in that market. Jain proposed a strategy and process to forestall and/or detect public presentation issues in clip for the merchandise technology squad to take action and repair them and forestall them from go oning. Users don’t like to wait for a page to lade. With nothing ( or really low ) exchanging cost, it is disputing for any service to retain the users with slow public presentation ( compared to the major rival in that market ) . If the service is slow one time in a piece – users may non detect and/or will non mind. But if it is systematically slow, it will impact their productiveness and they will look for faster options. The field of Poka-Yoke has a big sum of literature in merchandise design methods, package proving techniques, and direction ( M.Dudek Burlikowska et Al, 2009 ; Lawrence P Chao et Al, 2003 ; Harry Robinson, 1997, etc ) . These proposals are first-class presentations of how Poka-Yoke design methodological analysis can ensue in improved user-experience design and service public presentation with fewer defects in their several spheres. Unfortunately, major spreads between Poka-Yoke and SE continue to be in faculty members, literature, and industrial pattern. The following subdivision gives an overview of related work in Poka-Yoke. Sections 3 and 4 describe the proposals for package public presentation, technology and HQLS: a new attack for high quality in big graduated table package development. The Section 3 besides has qualitative ratings of package public presentation technology proposal. Sections 5 describe instance surveies that evaluated the architecture for HQLS and their findings. Section 6 draws decisions from the survey. II.STATE OF THE ART In recent old ages, research on using Poka Yoke in package has received much attending [ 7, 8, 9, and 10 ] . Harry Robinson introduced Poka-Yoke ( mistake-proofing ) into the Hewlett Packard’s package procedure and he claims they have been able to forestall literally 100s of package localisation defects from making their clients. As per Gojko Adzic, writer of Impact Mapping â€Å"software categories should non let us to continue and blow up when something goes incorrect. Exceptions can be an effectual manner of giving more certification, but the signal should be clean and unambiguous, in order non to misdirect users or client-developers. Software must be designed to forestall a complete clang, even in the face of system failure. Auto-save characteristics are a good illustration. It’s non frequently that the power gets cut, but when it does, our users will certainly appreciate that we saved most of their work† [ 11 ] . Much of the research focal point is for ZOC, quality control, placing defects. However, the restriction that associated research brings is non using Poka- Yoke in entireness. III.PROPOSAL FOR SOFTWARE PERFORMANCE Technology Here are the Poka-Yoke based 5 stairss ( theoretical account ) we can accommodate ( in parts or full ) to Prevent and/or Detect public presentation jobs at the right clip and repair it as depicted in the Table 1 [ 18 ] . A.Focus/Strategy The first measure for this would be to include public presentation as portion of the scheme and focal point. Sing public presentation as Key portion of the deliverable is of import. â€Å"Like security A ; handiness, we should see public presentation as built-in portion of any characteristic. Performance can non be an afterthought- If we do non concentrate public presentation from the get downing – it might be excessively late to repair it and in some instances we might lose the opportunity† . B.Approach The attack to plan and development makes a important difference towards the exposure of the procedure for public presentation issues. This is the 1 of a bar type of mistake-proofing solution. The design methodological analysis and the development procedure can forestall many sorts of public presentation jobs. This is the 1 of a bar type of mistake-proofing solution replacing manual work with an machine-controlled tool can salvage resources and enhances the quality of the merchandise. C.Testing ( Verification A ; Validation ) Testing for public presentation will be of import here. Performance should non be considered as a separate characteristic – it should be portion of each and every characteristic and scenario, usage instance. â€Å" TEST PASS IS INCOMPLETE without PERFORMANCE Testing † . Testing demands to be performed based on the â€Å" End-user † scenes. The Majority of the people have slower machines than what Jain squad uses in Microsoft. D.Monitoring/Measurement ( Detection ) For all the sites that are unrecorded in production, we need to hold monitoring/measurements in topographic point to be able to supervise public presentation tendencies and detect/report issues. This sensing method does nil to forestall the public presentation impact from go oning. Alternatively, it aims to happen the public presentation job at the earliest chance in order to minimise the harm. With this mistake-proofing solution, the right job is detected and reported at the right clip to the right people. The monitoring system ( webHancer, SQM, WebWatson, etc. ) can mensurate public presentation at the end-user and study it back to Microsoft. An alarming system can be built on top of it that can hold concern rules/criteria for observing public presentation forms ( for cardinal user scenarios ) and study to the appropriate people. Example: Business Scenario for measuring of Quality of Service can be explained in different types like absolute measuring, comparative measuring and competitory measuring. This mistake-proofing solution does nil to forestall the public presentation job from go oning. However, agencies are provided to minimise the impact of any public presentation issue. By this clip the bulk of the people would understand the importance of Performance and how they can lend to better the same. How to cite Software Performance Engineering Techniques, Essay examples

Development of Science and Technology free essay sample

Every Technology handled by the Law of land in proper manner, in that matter There is no second thought. At present stage Nano Technology boomed with the help of Indian Patent Act , 1970 ( Amended 2005 ) . Compared with West , India put its step in to this technology very earlier. For example* , a clear evidence that Carbon Nano technology existed centuries before in the Sothern part of India and Exported from the First century AD. This kind of Carbon Nano Technology Mixed Swords used up to the period of Tipu Sultan ( The Tiger of Mysore ) , included it in his weaponry against the British. Nano technology is the manipulation of matter at the Atomic level and it has the Potential for Energy efficiency** . For upgrading this technology , Patent is n essential part in providing protection to the inventor however the same turns futile if it is not properly granted or the patents so granted are overlapping with others. We will write a custom essay sample on Development of Science and Technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This synopsis attempts to address the issues of lack of knowledge and expertise in the field of Nano technology which act as possible road blocks in examining patent application for Nano technology inventions ***. Key words : Nano Technology, Energy, and Patent. *P. 48, Nano Digest, December, 2009. ** P. 132m Civil Service Chronicle, May 2010 *** Hard Copies related with published Nano Patents Applications ( All Intellectual Property Offices in India ). Now it has been a accepted fact that the developments in Science and Technology are always steps ahead of Laws framed for regulating the technologies as a result of which the in the absence of a well defined regulatory frame work act as the Frankenstein Monster having enormous potential for Good as well as Evil*. In the light of this back ground, My work addresses the need to adopt a proactive approach as regards Patenting Nano Technology in India. So that Nano Technology can be used for Maximum benefit to Flora , Fauna , Human and Environment in the name of Green and Sustainable development. Significance of the study It is a tool for productivity and environmental improvement. It is a substance that makes a chemical reaction happen faster without being charged itself. Ex : Platinum. *** [emailprotected] unu. edu Nano technology, Bio technology, Information technology, and Cognitive science ( NBIC ) leads the technological side of entire world. With in the NBIC, Nano technology ( NT ) holds the lead role. As per the word of Kim Eric Drexler ( God father of Nano technology ), this technology emerged only after mid of the twentieth century. But uses of Carbon Nano Tubes ( CNT ) in Wootz Steel for making of Damascus Sword Carbon Nano Technology existed, produced, and exposed from First Century AD by the Sothern part of India. * It is a technological miracle handled by the earlier society in India. Nano particles done its act at the size of atom / molecule ( at the One billionth of meter ). ** Dimensions between 1 and 100 Nano Meters ( with in 100 nm ) are known as the Nano Scale, where unique phenomena enable novel application. Chemical Engineering, 8. Mechanical Engineering and 9. Medicine. This technology make impacts on following Industries : 1. Electronics, 2. Materials, 3. Health and Bio technology, 4. Chemical, 5. Environmental 6. Energy, 7. Aerospace, 8. Automotive, 9. Security and 10. Forest products. United States of America’s business is Business, They think that Nano technology is â€Å" Biggest Science initiative since the Appolo Program â€Å". Now they are reaping the yield of Nano technology’s benefits as per the proverb â€Å" the early bird catch its prey â€Å". They add it class 977 in their act with sub classes to tackle this new technology. I think that , We ( India ) must go ahead with the speed of other developed economies. Key words :- Energy, Health sector and IT sector * www. nanotechproject. org. In Our country, Nano technokogy is a government led initiative in major sectors. With in that, Energy storage, Production and conversion with in renewable energy frame works are primary area, where Nano technology applications might aid. * In the Energy and Health sectors , Government has played a exemplary role in research effort in Nano technology , in terms of Funding, Establishing scientific and technological infrastructure and Developing Human skills and capacity. India, No doubt , is a very big market with varied types of Consumers. The main im for manipulation of bulk of patents by Multi National Corporations ( MNCs ) is to throw out small manufactures out of field and remain monopoly in the Trade under the pretension of infringement of registered Patent, even though not put in use by Patentee in India, Example : All Intellectual Property Offices in India granted below 100 Nano Patents from 2004 – 2011, with in that MNC takes lead ( More than 55 % ). If this monopoly is to be allowed , Indian Consumers and Customers ( Users of Nano Technology Materials and End products ) will be left with no option but to buy very expensive and sophisticated materials or equipments and machineries . It will have an adverse effect on the Nation’s economy and there will be a drain on our foreign exchange. Ex : Madurai Kamarj University’s Nano Research department ,concerned with all science faculty, purchasing prepared Nano Materials from other countries.

Visual Arts in Pre

Pre-historic Greek artworks have influenced cultures and arts in many countries around the globe, especially in the sculptural and architectural arts. Right from the Roman Empire in the West to the Far East including Japan, ancient Greek artworks are a source of inspiration (O’Kelly 1982, p. 88).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Visual Arts in Pre-historic Greek Artworks specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Greek architecture left a lasting impression in the architectural design of public buildings. Contemporary buildings and the ancient Roman arts copied a lot of things from the Greek. This paper compares the Parthenon, a well known surviving building of ancient Greek with the War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, which is a piece of contemporary architectural artwork. The Parthenon building on the Acropolis, in 5th BC to replace an old temple destroyed during an invasion (Beard 2010, p.12). The templ e building in Athens and it acted as a sign of Athenian dominance in the Greek Peninsula. The War Memorial Opera House located in San Francisco on Van Ness Avenue opposite the City Hall opened its gate to the public in 1932 (Couret 1998, para. 2). The building was among the last main American building built in the Beaux-arts style. This style of art borrowed a lot from the ancient Greek and Roman architectures. The Parthenon (Neils 2005, p. 3) Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The War Memorial Opera House (SFWMPAC Online n.d, n.p) The Parthenon building to served as a temple for one of the goddesses of Athens. It was built to offer thanks to Athena the goddess for their success and victory in the war. In fact, the name originated from a cultic statue housed in one of the rooms, in the temple. The building later invaded and turned into a church in honor of the Virgin Mary. On the other hand, the War Memorial Opera House was built to commemorate the people who died during the World War I. It also served to host the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center since 1932 when it opened its doors (‘Parthenon, Lovell Minnick and Fisher Lynch Conclude Acquisition of H.D. Vest Financial Services’ 2011, para. 2). Classical Doric order or style, which, is normally calm and sturdy was used in building both buildings (Michos 2002, para. 7). The Parthenon, credited as one of the perfect Doric temple ever built in the world while the War memorial Opera House constructed using paired columns, an application of Doric order (‘The Webby Awards 2001(R) Will Take the Stage at San Francisco’s War Memorial Opera House’ 2001, n.p). Doric style applied the directly standing columns on flat pavements known as stylobates and alternated metopes a feature common with the two architectural works under consideration. Ionic columns were also clearly used i n both buildings. The materials used to make the two pieces of architecture were different mainly because of the different in their respective location. Wooden roofs, marble tiles and marble statues made up the Parthenon’s interior. Other materials used in the building were ivory and gold, and it stood on a limestone rock. Coffered ceiling; large aluminum and glass paneled chandelier made up the War Memorial Opera house’s interior. Sculptures are a common occurrence in the two buildings despite the difference in age (Clark 1997, para 5).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Visual Arts in Pre-historic Greek Artworks specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An explosion destroyed the Parthenon, but the War Memorial Opera house in San Francisco continues to stand. It maintains a lasting impression of the ancient Greek architectural designs, and buildings (Kaldor 2010, p 23). Technologically, the building has adva nced, but it refuses to let go of its ancient world’s ‘theater feeling’. Until late 20th century, the Parthenon laid destroyed, but the Greek government set out to revive the ancient building. Now it is meant to become a museum, but unfortunately, the original design cannot be recovered. Only an impression of it is possible. References Beard, M., 2010. The Parthenon, Profile Books. Clark, A., 1997. After the quake: Andrew Clark attends the re-opening of San Francisco’s refurbished War Memorial Opera House Financial Times, pp. 08-08. Couret, C., 1998. San Francisco’s historic opera house re-opens, The American City County, 113(9), pp. 28-28. Kaldor, A., 2010. Great opera houses: masterpiece of architecture Masterpieces of Architecture Series. Antique Collectors’ Club, the University of Michigan. Michos, I., 2002. The enduring question about the Parthenon, Financial Times, , pp. 06-06.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Neils, J., 2005. The Parthenon: from antiquity to the present. Cambridge University Press. O’Kelly, M., 1982. Newgrange: Archaeology, Art and Legend, London: Thames and Hudson. Parthenon, Lovell Minnick and Fisher Lynch Conclude Acquisition of H.D. Vest Financial Services, 2011. Entertainment Close – Up, , pp. n/a. The Webby Awards 2001(R) Will Take the Stage at San Francisco’s War Memorial Opera House, 2001. United States, New York: PR Newswire Association LLC. SFWMPAC Online, n.d., San Francisco War Memorial Performing Center. Web. This essay on Visual Arts in Pre-historic Greek Artworks was written and submitted by user Jonathon Mccall to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Penny Press - One Cent Newspapers

Penny Press - One Cent Newspapers The Penny Press was the term used to describe the revolutionary business tactic of producing newspapers which sold for one cent. The Penny Press is generally considered to have started in 1833, when Benjamin Day founded The Sun, a New York City newspaper. Day, who had been working in the printing business, started a newspaper as a way to salvage his business. He had nearly gone broke after losing much of his business during a  local financial panic caused by the cholera epidemic of 1832. His idea of selling a newspaper for a penny seemed radical at a time when most newspapers sold for six cents. And though Day merely saw it as a business strategy to salvage his business, his analysis touched upon a class divide in society. Newspapers that sold for six cents were simply beyond the reach of many readers. Day reasoned that many working class people were literate, but were not newspaper customers simply because no one had published a newspaper targeted to them. By launching The Sun, Day was taking a gamble. But it proved successful. Besides making the newspaper very affordable, Day instituted another innovation, the newsboy. By hiring boys to hawk copies on street corners, The Sun was both affordable and readily available. People wouldn’t even have to step into a shop to buy it. Influence of The Sun Day did not have much of a background in journalism, and The Sun had fairly loose journalistic standards. In 1834 it published the notorious â€Å"Moon Hoax,† in which the newspaper claimed scientists had found life on the moon. The story was outrageous and proven to be utterly false. But instead of the ridiculous stunt discrediting The Sun, the reading public found it entertaining. The Sun became even more popular. The success of The Sun encouraged James Gordon Bennett, who had serious journalistic experience, to found The Herald, another newspaper priced at one cent. Bennett was quickly successful and before long he could charge two cents for a single copy of his paper. Subsequent newspapers, including the New York Tribune of Horace Greeley and the New York Times of Henry J. Raymond, also began publication as penny papers. But by the time of the Civil War, the standard price of a New York City newspaper was two cents. By marketing a newspaper to the widest possible public, Benjamin Day inadvertently kicked off a very competitive era in American journalism. As new immigrants came to America, the penny press provided very economical reading material. And the case could be made that by coming up with a scheme to save his failing printing business, Benjamin Day had a lasting impact on American society.

Ecology in the news tasksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ecology in the news tasksheet - Essay Example The underlying assumption is that warming makes thunderstorms more explosive. The increased water vapour as one of the greenhouse gases fuels the explosion that causes lightning (Romps et al., 2014).. Anthropogenic activities on the environment are the main reason as to why the world is recording increased atmospheric temperatures. On the other hand, the issue qualifies to be of great importance since lightning is one of the environmental problems. Though lightning injuries and accidents are natural calamities, destructive human activities on the environment are increasing the intensity of thunderstorms and lightning the (University of California, 2014). Therefore, an increase in lightning intensity and frequency mean more harm in the form of human injuries. Annually, thousands of people succumb to lightning injuries. The implication is that many will lose their lives if the trend continues in the future. A significant environmental impact of lightning is the increase in wildfires (Romps et al., 2014).. Lighting ignited forest fires are always hard to fight, and they are more destructive to the natural vegetation. However, one advantage of lightning strikes is the additional nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere thus controlling the chemistry of the atmosphere. Alternatively, it is possible to argue that seasonal temperature variations are the reason behind increased lightning. Though this journal ascertains that the projected increase in lightning strikes is due to precipitation and cloud buoyancy, scientists, and meteorologists have not done reliable analyses to predict what the future holds for humanity. However, studying atmospheric properties like the cloud buoyancy and precipitation may give a clue on what thunderstorm and lightning intensities may look like in future (Romps et al., 2014). Nonetheless, it necessary to understand that charge separation that occurs within the clouds causes lightning. Therefore, it takes a good amount of water vapour as

International Market Expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

International Market Expansion - Essay Example per prevailing accounting standards, all firms must translate their foreign currency exposures in local currency in order to represent them on their balance sheets. This exposure normally arises when a parent company needs to convert the liabilities/assets of its subsidiary in its balance sheet. The risk arising as a result of this translation is termed as translation exposure. (Wang, 2009) It actually measures the sensitivity when the assets or liabilities of Citibank are actually liquidated due to fluctuations in currency exchange rate. Transaction risk and exposure arises when they are liquidated and hence may gain or lose value in the process of conversion. It is critical to note that transaction exposure do not create any impact on the cash flows of the firm whereas transaction exposure does have an impact on the cash flows of the firm. International firms therefore have to consider this aspect into account also. Translation exposure often arises due to recording of items on the balance sheet therefore Citibank can engage into standards balance sheet hedge in order to safeguard themselves against any changes in the values. Transaction exposure can also be managed by entering into foreign exchange derivatives. Citibank can actually manage its transaction exposure by entering into forward and future exchange rates with counterparties. Foreign currency swaps as well as other more sophisticated instruments may also be used to manage transaction risk. More specifically, Citibank however, need to define risk limits against each currency besides forming policy regarding counterparties. This will actually allow Citi Group to manage counterparty risk associated with the parties with whom it actually enters into foreign currency transactions. (Riad A. Ajami & Goddard, 2006) 1. International banks tend to facilitate international trade and to ensure the movement of goods and services across political borders. International banks though not deal in goods but provide

The Impacts Of Media On Pakistans Economy Media Essay

The Impacts Of Media On Pakistans Economy Media Essay The reason of choosing this particular topic is to establish the idea that how a countrys internal and external imbalances can be affected by its economy and how a country can face the potential threats while the nation is economically either strong or weak. Why am I choosing the topic? In terms of choosing this particular topic I have personally taken keen interest in the economy of Pakistan along with its political history and have observed a clear change with e involvement of media in the countrys politics, international affairs and economy with in last 2 decades. Historically Pakistan has been an agricultural state with 80% of the countrys population living in rural areas making the agricultural industry as the main source of employment and GDP.But in recent decades a sharp rise in the media industry has turned the direction of economy where even though most of the population still resides in the rural areas, the power of media has increased the influence on its over all economy. As per influence of media is concerned surprisingly it can create a two way influence on a countrys economy. There are observations and facts which have proved that in times of financial or economic crisis a media can play a role of either a life saver or even a fan over the burning flames of the economy. The character of media in particular has motivated myself to see and research the actual impact of media in Pakistans economy as it has been a controversial industry even though its growth seems to be a non stopping phenomena. The idea of researching into this topic is to establish a fact where we can put media into one category or may be not.As in past 2 decades we have send its huge impact on countrys politics and other affairs, I have noticed that it has effected the country in general more then ever before.Its effects on countrys politics are massive and I would like to find out whether these effects actually have been positive or rather have damaged the countrys image internationally where we have seen international media projecting the country as a state which is on its brink to collapse and is struggling to counteract the rising extremism inside the country.; International media has most probably played a key role in damaging the countrys economy with in last 2 decades where it is seen that this country has been named in media in relation to a place where there is all danger for any other country and unfortunately the impression passed over to the world has not been positive. International media has projected this country as a failed state, a dropping down economically not viable place for investment. On the other hand the media inside the country has influenced the countrys economy in a different way where more and more investment is being done to privatize this industry which includes, TV, Radio , news papers and etc. Because of this two way impact from one industry, this has in fact become a very interesting topic to work on trying to find out exactly where the country itself stands in between international and national media. The main purpose of choosing this title. As a student of Finance I would like to highlight the key factors which can shape a countrys economic and political stability. Pakistans economy in particular has been my key interest because of certain reasons including the fact that I was born there and have seen the biggest economic instability swings in last 30 years and the obvious relationship of this situation with the media and politics. In my observation politics in Pakistan itself has been influenced a lot by the existence of media especially with in last 2 decades where we have seen a massive rise in private media industry talking and taking stand against the old fashioned state run media and have given out the message globally that this country has the potential where international organizations can invest in in this country with a sense of freedom of speech and a free to use media for their financial campaigns with out getting influenced by the government. This in fact is a great success of media which has clearly shown the changes in general ranging from more investment to a clear and reliable media which can of course point out any significant change in time and making it possible to use media as a generator of revenue giving out jobs and keeping the country in a race with its neighboring countries as well as globally. The current media revolution sweeping the nation began ten years ago when Pakistan had just one television channel, according to the UKs Prospect Magazine. Today it has over 100. Together they have begun to open up a country long shrouded by political, moral and religious censorship-taking on the government, breaking social taboos and, most recently, pushing a new national consensus against the Taliban. The birth of privately owned commercial media has been enabled by the Musharraf-era deregulation, and funded by the tremendous growth in revenue from advertising targeted at the burgeoning urban middle class consumers. With television presence in over 16 million households accounting for 68% of the population in 2009, the electronic media have also helped inform and empower many rural Pakistanis, including women With an increase of 38% over 2008, the television advertising revenue for 2009 in Pakistan was Rs 16.4 billion ((US $200m), accounting for about half of the total ad market during the year. The TV ad revenue is continuing to rise as a percentage of total ad revenue, mostly at the expense of the print media ads. The biggest spenders in 2009 were the telecom companies with Rs 8 billion, followed closely by fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector with Rs. 7 billion, as reported by Pakistans GeoTV channel According to Daily Times, Chairman Mushtaq Malik of the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) has said that the cable television sector is the fast growing segment among the electronic media ventures. In the first 100 days of the current government, he has claimed that new licenses for 16 satellite TV channels, 10 FM radio stations, and 232 cable TV channels have been granted. It is anticipated that this would lead to additional investment worth Rs. 2.5 billion, generating 4000 additional jobs in this sector. The cable television sector alone is employing some 30,000 people in the country. Foreign media, such as the business channel CNBC Pakistan, have also found a niche with the stellar performance and increased viewer and investor interest in Karachi stock exchange in the last decade. The Gallup Pakistan estimates that the number of TV viewers age 10 and above has increased from 63 million in 2004 to 86 million in 2009. Though exact numbers are hard to find, it is estimated that the rapid growth of Pakistans media market over the last decade has attracted significant investment in the range of billions of dollars, and produced hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue. There are 150 advertising agencies and 74 production companies. Given the rising power of the media to shape Pakistani society, public opinion and government policy, I personally experienced the pervasive effects of Pakistans media boom , competing channels catering to almost every niche, whim and tastefrom news, politics, education, health, sports, comedy and talk shows to channels dedicated to cooking, fashion, fitness, music, business, religion, local languages and cultures etc. The media have had a profound influence on how many young people learn, talk, dress and behave, and emulate the outspoken media personalities, various experts, actors, preachers, singers, sportsmen, celebrities and fashion models. The growth in Pakistans media market has resulted in more useful information, more advertising, more competition and more choice for the public. Pakistan finds itself in the midst of many crises, ranging from a deep sense of insecurity and economic stagnation to low levels of human development and insufficient access to basic necessities of life such as proper nutrition, education and health care. My hope is that the mass media will effectively play a responsible role to inform and educate Pakistanis on the fundamental issues of poor governance in Pakistan, and help in shaping the economy, the debate and policies to solve some of the most serious problems facing the nation today. Required sources to complete the research. In order to present all these highlights mentioned above ,in detail I will be using people in general as my main source of information which will include interviews with key figures who are involved in Pakistans media industry as well as individuals from the finance market who have observed the statistics in last 2 decades in terms of rising up and slowing down economy and its interaction with the media in particular. Other sources which will be used will include Newspapers, electronic media and Internet.I will also be using international media reports about the countrys economy compared the national medias reports in same time frame to actually compare and evaluating my main thought whether international media is in any way damaging or constructive to this countrys economy or vice versa.

Police Technology Essay

1. Introduction A gun may be a useful tool to arrest a suspect in a traditional crime scene, but what about a crime committed on the Internet to steal billions of dollars in a few minutes or even confidential information? Will guns be useful in this case? According to Goodman, â€Å"the world isn’t run by weapons anymore, or energy, or money, it’s run by ones and zeros †¦ It’s not about who has the most bullets. Art’s about who controls the information –what we see and hear, how we work, what we think. It’s all about information.† (p.466) With the technological revolution we have nowadays, that changed every aspect of our lives representing new threats and new crimes, police officers should be equipped with new technological tools or techniques to be able to face these new challenges. This paper aims at giving an idea about police technology and how does technology help police officers by defining the term â€Å"police technology†, shading the light on history of police technology, and giving some of the impacts of technology on police work and practice. 2. Definitions To understand exactly how does technology help police officers, this section will define what is meant by both terms â€Å"technology† and â€Å"police technology†. 2.1 Technology The Britannica Concise Encyclopedia defines technology as â€Å"Application of knowledge to the practical aims of human life or to changing and manipulation the human environment. Technology includes the use of materials, tools, techniques, and sources of power to make life easier or more pleasant and work more productive. Whereas science is concerned with how and why things happen, technology focuses on making thing happen.† 2.2 Police Technology According to Encyclopedia Britannica the term â€Å"police technology† refers to â€Å"the wide range of scientific and technological methods, techniques, and equipment used in policing.† 3. Police Technology in History and Literature This section will shade the light on the history of police technology since 1840 when officers only had guns and night-light sticks, â€Å"then came technological progress with the invention of the patrol wagon and signal service (which have) effected a revolution in police methods.† (Seaskate, Inc). (See police technology timeline in Table 1) â€Å"The adoption of information technology by police departments in the united States is a relatively recent phenomenon. Before 1987, less than 2% of the 2.200 US police departments with fewer than 100 employees used computers. And as recently as 2003, only 40% of police departments had mobile computer terminals.† (CentrePience) Moving to information technology,   â€Å"only in recent years have many agencies found the use of information technologies significantly helpful. Examples include fingerprinting databases, computerized crime mapping, and records management systems doing everything from inventory property and cataloging evidence to calculating solvability factors.† (Seaskate, Inc) 3.1 The political era (1840-1920) This period witnessed technological advances such as â€Å"telegraph, telephone, police callboxes, Bertillon system of criminal identification† (Seaskate, Inc) and (Stewart, R. W.). â€Å"The advent of fingerprinting in the 1900s and of crime laboratories in the 1920s greatly augmented the police capacity to solve crimes†. (Seaskate, Inc) 3.2 The professional model era or Nationalization of Crime (1920-1970) This period witnessed efforts that tried to â€Å"rid the government of undesirable political influences and create what they deemed professional police departments† (Seaskate, Inc). â€Å"The model was the crime laboratory in Berkeley, California, Police Department then the FBI inaugurated its own laboratory which eventually became recognized as the most comprehensive and technologically advanced forensic laboratory in the world† (Seaskate, Inc). This period â€Å"saw the widespread police adoption of the automobile and the introduction of two-way radios† (Seaskate, Inc). Then, in response to rapidly rising crime rates and urban disorders, the Crime Commission was established in the 1960s (Seaskate, Inc). This period witnessed the nationalization of crime. â€Å"In 1967, the Crime Commission produced a long report that gave recommendations, 11 of them dealing with police technology (Seaskate, Inc). The President’s Crime Commission found that the nation’s criminal justice system suffered from a significant Science and technology gap (Seaskate, Inc). Then came â€Å"the advent of 911 after the commission called for establishment of a single telephone number that Americans could use to call the police† (Seaskate, Inc). The computerization for American policing was a result for the commission’s recommendations and the 911 system (Seaskate, Inc). â€Å"The 911 system became enhanced (E911) when computer got smarter, showing the telephone number, address, and in some cases, the name of the person who owned the number† (Seaskate, Inc). â€Å"One of the most important computer-based innovations in American policing was the advent of National Crime Information Center (NCIC), administered by FBI† (Seaskate, Inc). Computers also were â€Å"essential in the development of Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS)† (Seaskate, Inc). 3.3 The Community Policing Era or Computerization of American Policing (Since 1970) The introduction of computers into policing corresponded to the beginning of the third and current era in American policing or â€Å"the Community Policing Era† from 1970 up till now (Seaskate, Inc). â€Å"In 1995, the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) was created by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994†. (ITI, p.3) With funding provided by COPS and other federal and state grant programs, the use of computers in law enforcement gained widespread acceptance in law enforcement agencies of all sizes. (ITI p.3) 4. The Impact of Technology on Police Work Technology has had its impacts on police work especially since the process of computerization of American policing (Figure1 in the appendices shows trends in technology use by police agencies). According to Davis, J. N., â€Å"the continuing development of computer technology has had critical impacts on law enforcement. Mobile data terminals in police cars, automatic vehicle locator systems, and computer-assisted dispatch are now commonly found in police departments. The use of expert systems and artificial intelligence by police agencies in the United States and Canada is on the increase. Examples can be found in agencies ranging from small rural Alliance, Nebraska to urban Baltimore County, Maryland†. (p.1) This section will show how does technology affect police work either in increasing effectiveness, enhancing officer safety, or assisting law enforcement agencies to meet new challenges of terrorism and cyber crimes. 4.1 Increased Effectiveness Research showed that â€Å"police departments that adopted computers together with IT management/governance practices such as CompStat did experience reduced property and violent crime and significantly increased crime clearance rates (by around 8%). Thus, researchers concluded that computers do increase the effectiveness of police work, but only if police work is substantially reorganized to take advantage of their presence† (CentrePiece, p.2). Also according to ITI, â€Å"Significant technological breakthroughs have resulted in products that have increased their crime solving effectiveness† (P.4). For example â€Å"studies led to the widespread use of night vision gear by today’s police agencies† (ITI, p.4). A technology such as fingerprint reader â€Å"has resulted in the creation of automatic fingerprint identification systems (AFIS)†. (ITI, p.4) â€Å"AFIS has resulted in the clearance of thousands of crimes that would have otherwise gone unsolved†. (ITI, P.4) The â€Å"enhanced† 911 â€Å"allowed dispatchers to see on their computers screen the address and telephone number from which a 911 emergency call originated† (ITI, p.4).   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The miniaturization of body microphones and closed circuit television has benefited law enforcement in a variety of investigative and crime prevention initiatives†. (ITI, P.4) 4.2 Changed the Role of Police and How They Carry Out Their Duties Technology has changed the role of both police officers and law enforcement agencies. â€Å"With the introduction of the Community Oriented Policing model, a dramatic change occurred in how agencies measured their effectiveness†. (ITI, P.3) The previous section showed that COPS was a result for introducing computers into policing.   â€Å"The emphasis on quick response to calls for services and the number of arrests made and crimes cleared was replaced by the reduction of crimes committed†. (ITI, P.3) â€Å"The COPS program promoted the development of close/citizen relationships with a focus on improving the quality of life on a neighborhood-to-neighborhood basis. From this effort grew programs such as neighborhood Policing and Problem Solving Policing† (ITI, P.3). â€Å"For the COPS concept to be successful officers needed timely information about crime patterns and other social problems occurring on their beats†. (ITI, P.3) â€Å"In police practice the possibility to access and use electronic records has opened up a new way of gathering information for police officers. This has created and developed new ways of working for police officers: they can gather more information when involved in operational work as well as when they are present physically at the police station†. (Borglund, E.) 4.3 Improved Record Keeping and Report Writing Computers have led to a key advantage â€Å"improved recordkeeping†. â€Å"Research showed that introducing computers for record-keeping did increase the amount of recorded ‘minor crimes’ such as larceny† (CentrePiece, p.2). According to Davis, J. N., â€Å"police report writing has also evolved with changes in technology, especially the use of lap-top computers. The continued development of new computer technologies will also bring changes in police report writing†. (p.1) 4.4 Enhances Officer Safety â€Å"Significant technological breakthroughs have resulted in products that have improved officer safety† (ITI, P.4). â€Å"Soft body armor has saved hundreds of officers from death or serious injury† (ITI, P.4). â€Å"Information used in conjunction with Computer Aided Dispatch software allowed dispatchers to warn officers of potential dangers and the history of previous calls at locations prior to their arrival†. (ITI, P.4) The use of safe weapons such as â€Å"non-lethal weapons such as the Taser, beanbag shells and pepper mace had been added to the list of force options available to officers in the field† (ITI, p.4). 4.5 Assist Local Law Enforcement Agencies Meet the New Challenges of Terrorism and Cyber Crime According to Reichert, K. â€Å"creative uses of information technology have the potential to increase the capacity and effectiveness of law enforcement in fulfilling its complex mission today. Including increased demands in the post-September 11 World†. (p.4) â€Å"The pace of the use of technology in law enforcement continues to accelerate. New technologies such as the use of DNA for the criminal investigation, the growth of AFIS and Livescan fingerprinting systems, GPS tracking, and reverse-911 software are all computer dependent systems now being more widely used by agencies around the country†. (ITI, p.4) â€Å"New hardware such as Personal Digital Assistance (PDAs) and other wireless devices such as web-enabled cellular telephones are changing the way information is collected and shared†. (ITI, p.4) â€Å"The 911 systems have precipitated the use of computerized mapping and links between 911 systems and computer aided dispatch software† (ITI, p.4). â€Å"Incident-based reporting is being implemented across the country requiring new records management software designed to capture and report crime statistics electronically† (ITI, p.4). â€Å"The 1995 Oklahoma City bombing and the 2001 attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon significantly increased awareness for the need to share information between law enforcement agencies at all levels of government†. (ITI, p.4) â€Å"Antiquated radio systems are being replaced so that multiple agencies can communicate during joint operations and disaster responses. Integration of computer databases is being developed for intelligence gathering and criminal investigation†. (ITI, p.4) â€Å"Detection technology, protection equipment and training are being provided to public safety personnel to meet the challenges of a nuclear, biological or chemical threat as well as an attack using conventional weapons†. (ITI, p.4) â€Å"The use of the Internet for the commission of crimes is increasing at an alarming rate†. (ITI, p.4) â€Å"Thieves, hackers, hate groups, pedophiles, cyberspace stalkers, drug cartels and terrorist groups freely use the Internet to carry out their illegal activities†. (ITI, p.4) The Internet also offers many benefits to law enforcement† (ITI, p.5). â€Å"The ability to share information between agencies and with the public has been greatly enhanced by the use of the internet†.

Organizational Security and Expansion Assessment Essay

As director of security for this company I will ensure a threat and vulnerability assessment to protect the company and remain profitable in business. In preparing to expand my security company in the Middle East and Africa there are several things that I must consider. Some of them are threats, threats of other security companies trying to buy me out, internet hacking, surveillance system, personnel, and how to secure the perimeter when a natural disaster strikes. When it comes to human threats you have to worry about your staff who is working for the company that you are security. What kind of staff do you have? Can they be trusted? Some staff member may use your security system to block up other things that don’t pertain to your security business. By using the computer to look at other sites you are leaving your sites open to other websites that don’t pertain to your job. They may be able to log in to your security system to find out about it. If your staff member don’t do this, they may be asked by a member of the working company staff to do it. They may offer to pay them a lot of money or to do favors to get what they want from the security staff. Secondly, there are threats of other security companies trying to buy you out. They may place a bid to that same company you are trying buy out. Their bid maybe lower company than yours or they may promise better security for the company. They may say that theirs is better because they offer more. Their ways of securing the company from threat than you. Their technology maybe more up to date than yours, with extra features. They may say that not only can they charge you less, but that they can use less people on the staff to get the job done. There is also the threat of other people or companies hacking your security system. There are people who sit at their and keep putting in codes until they can open it, they go in to see what kind of damage they can do your system to hurt your company or representation. Next, you will have to deal with your surveillance system. Is your system strong enough to keep out hackers, threats from other humans or terrorists? How can you keep out these unwanted threats? You have to make sure that your system is able to pick up the smallest thing that may go wrong at that company. Make sure that your security system covers enough of the outer perimeter, as well as enough surveillance to cover the inside of the perimeter. Make sure that there is nothing that may keep your motion sensors from working properly. Be sure the company has adequate amounts of air blowing to keep your system working properly. Let the company know that your security personnel is your 24/7 force, and your video monitoring system and motion detector will be alarm at all times, which will be for business hours, weekends, and holidays. Your security personnel will do routine perimeter checks on the inside, as well as the outside of this company. Finally, another threat of securing a company in the Middle East and Africa is securing the company during natural disasters. By natural disaster I’m referring to floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes, and when lightning strikes. Some companies consider fires air quality, and medical outbreaks as a natural disaster. With any kind of natural disaster there is the chance of losing your security system or other important information. Your systems maybe destroyed because no backup power outage, damage to the building structure, equipment, inventory, and other parts of the property. While a fire is considered a natural disaster, they may also be considered an accident. Depending on what type of company you are securing, there may be chemical that can destroy your security system. Fires and combustible chemicals may cause internal damage, injury or death. To be successful when it comes to natural disaster, you should have a plan of approach to counter act these threats. This may also lead to a smooth flow of operations for your security system. In conclusion, there are many threats that you may consider when trying to start a security business in the Middle East and Africa. Some of these threats are natural disaster, your surveillance system, internet hacking, threats by humans, from other security your system and the company in general. A natural disaster can be anything from a tornado, to a flood, a hurricane, or when lightning strikes. A fire is considered both an accident and a natural disaster. Damaging winds may cause damage the company as well as your security system. These natural disasters may also cause harm or damage to the company, injury or death. My surveillance system is equipped for video surveillance and it has motion sensors. These are important when securing a company. With this quality in a surveillance system, I’m able to secure both inner and outer perimeter. Also to help combat the threat of my surveillance system, I will have security personnel on 24/7. My security personnel will work on weekends, business hours, and holidays to secure the company. They will also make inner and outer perimeter checks routinely. Also to combat the surveillance of my security system, my personnel will make routine check of the system. With my security system of the Middle East and Africa, the security personnel will not be allowed to surf the web. If they are caught doing it they will be reprimand, fired, or both. This will keep other internet surfers from hacking into the security system. It will also keep other website users from opening up the company desktop and keep the security system from network infections. The personnel will not be able to share any information with other co-workers or any personnel of the company. Another threat to a security to a security system in the Middle East and Africa is human threat. By human threat I mean internal employees, contract employees, and visitors to the facility. Employees can get hired who may get mad with the owner. Thinking that by selling products or important information about the company they make more money, even get back at the owner. There are also risk of accidents on the job. Human threats can happen with trained and untrained staff members. It may be either intentional or non-intentional. Accidents may cause a great deal of damage and cost to the employer of a company. They can also cost the security system a lot of money. Humans also may cause the threat of bombing a company. Other security companies a threat by under biding you for security of the company. They may offer equipment or security that you don’t have. Sometimes this is helpful to the company and sometimes it is not. No person or persons will have access to the company pass the lobby of the B uilding without an appropriate employees or visitor badge. The badges will be color coded, depending on the level of clearance granted to them. The visitors will require an escort unless they are approved or cleared through security ahead of time. The badges will be programmed to only allow access to those with proper clearance for restricted areas. The employees of my security system will be subject to random searches, drug screenings, and a thorough background investigation check before and after employment. Personnel who bring electronic devices into the facility without prior approval from the security manager will not be allowed. Security personnel will be prohibited from bringing any cell phones, tablets, cameras, flash drives, or any electronic devices that may hurt my security system. I will also monitor my employee’s internet access to combat any type of cyber-attacks. When it comes to my security system I will make sure that only the security manager and the security supervisor will have access to security information. This security information will be kept in a safe place. Only the security manage and the security supervisor will be given the combination to the safe. By understanding what kind of threats your security system may face in Africa or Middle East, I can find ways to better stop this from happening. I may even be able to eliminate others from counteracting them. The company will also implement an employee health and wellness programs. My security system will always keep up with latest antivirus software and will monitor for internal and external cyber- attacks.

There is No Justification for the Terror in the U.S.S.R....

There is No Justification for the Terror in the U.S.S.R. in the 1930s I agree more with the statement ‘There can be no justification for the â€Å"terror† in the USSR in the 1930’s. It was motivated purely by Stalin’s lust for power.’ However, I can understand why one could say that terror was essential for the survival of the new communist state or Soviet Union. Stalin used terror to force the USSR to industrialise quickly, which enabled them to ward off the threat from fascism and develop into a world power. Source I, written by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1987 a few years before communism fell in Russia,†¦show more content†¦Source K partly agrees with Statement B because it states ‘without terror, who would have failed to notice the clear absurdity of Stalin’s rule?’ This shows that terror was necessary for Stalin to remain in power, and I think that Stalin was crucial to the survival of the USSR in these early days because without Stalin as a strong leader there might have been a power struggle, which may have made the USSR more vulnerable when Hitler invaded. Source K states that Stalin needed to use terror to keep the people ‘obedient’ and more importantly to make them ‘believe in him’. It seems that in the end the Source believes he was a ‘ruthless politician’ who was corrupted by power. Source K is reliable because, Adam Ulam, a historian in Britain writes it. It is written in 1974 and, therefore, Ulam has hindsight and large amounts of sources available for him to use. Source J generally agrees with Statement A because it states ‘Stalin was convinced that this (the use of terror and executions) was necessary for the defence of.. the interests of the victory of socialism and communism†¦In this lies the whole tragedy’. This quote shows how Khrushchev believes that the use of terror and executions was a tragedy and not necessarily needed for the survival of the USSR but that Stalin believed itShow MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesunited Aragon and Castille into the modern country of Spain in 1469. They founded the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 as a branch of the government and appointed Torquemada to be the grand inquisitor. This government agency caused all sorts of official terror, and was generally bad for Europeans, although it brought certain shortterm benefits to the Catholic Church. On the other hand, King Ferdinand and especially Queen Isabella paid for Christopher Columbus’ trip west to find Asia, and this was very

Childhood Sexual Abuse Has A Prolonged Effect On The...

There is evidence that proves that childhood sexual abuse has a prolonged effect on the personality and behavior of young adults (Van Reedt Dortland et al, 2012). However, studies are limited in testing whether specific personality traits have an effect on the lasting trauma of a victim. Retrospective estimates indicate that 12–54% of women and 4–15% of men experienced sexual abuse during childhood or adolescence (Czincz, 2013). Therapist attempt to assess every victim with the same general assessments which lead to issues later in life. With special attention given to those high in specific personality traits and knowing the general average level of coping with certain areas of emphasis, therapist could better assess and treat patients. Issues arise when therapist attempt to assess every victim with the same general assessments. Stress research and the framework in which personality is studied in relation to the coping process, has recently conceptualized in the ‘‘third generation’’ research (Ebstrup et al, 2011). The framework in regards to the third generation research refers to roles of personality in coping while maintaining strong operational distinctions between coping, personality appraisal, and adaptational outcomes. The issue that arises is that each patient’s tolerance for stress is different. Personality is a factor that is related to how a person handles many life changes and experiences. This relationship is between personality and coping leads to theShow MoreRelatedChildhood Trauma And The Personality Disorders Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagesreoccurring result being personality disorder. The purpose of this paper is to find the connections between the severity of childhood trauma and the personality disorders that can come from it. 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Interpersonal Communications Summary Paper - 2691 Words

This Interpersonal Communications Summary Paper is going to contain and address the subjects of Nonverbal Communication, Male/Female Communication, Anger, and Relationship Development. The different styles of communication people have are usually influenced by their family, age, class, gender and social structure. Verbal communication is the mainstay of interpersonal communication but in many cases nonverbal communication can play a major role when people converse. Many scholars agree that there are more nonverbal cues than words in the dictionary. Many times we don’t always realize that we miscommunicate with each other thus causing problems and conflict. It’s truly different how men and women communicate, I will cover some of†¦show more content†¦Eye contact communication is just about endless; the variations on meaning can differ from culture to culture. In some cultures good eye contact is a unwritten rule during a conversation, but in others its considered rude and disrespectful. Eye contact can also lay the ground work for the start of a relationship, direct eye contact can also display social status or a person’s u gerency during a conversation. In our culture eye contact reflects sincerity. Touch as a nonverbal communication is also culturally determined, in the United States a friendly touch usually shows a form of affection. In eastern Asia people are taught not touch strangers, especially those of the opposite sex. In the Middle East people do not touch with their left hands, it’s considered rude, they also consider touching between genders off limits, even handshakes are not permitted. Dress and appearance applies to all cultures; all humans are concerned about their personal appearance, people also judge each other by their nonverbal appearance. The length of a dress provokes a nonverbal message, just like a suit and tie or someone walking down the street in their pajamas. A man dressed as a woman also sends a message that is somewhat confusing. 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